The American Cocker Spaniel's country of origin is the USA. He weighs approx. 24-28 pounds and is usually no higher then 15 inches is height. He has a long and silky very abundant especially the feathering (hair on legs). He comes in several colors and is also known as the Cocker Spaniel. The American version of the Cocker Spaniel evolved from early spaniel imports. By the 1930's this Cocker was smaller and had different confirmations and so the breed was given separate status. In the 1940's he had changed even more and almost beared no resemblance to his English Counterpart. During the middle of the century a Cocker served as a friend and pet during the week and aided the hunter on the weekend. AKC now offers field trials for Cocker's, for many years no competitions were held. Today he is mainly used as a pet, show dog etc. During and 1940's Cockers rose to first in AKC registrations and remained their for sometime, till the poodle took his place for several years, but he has since regained the top spot in AKC registrations. He has a lot of good qualities, happy, intelligent, trusting, handsome and a good companion dog. His head is domed, with a short, deep muzzle and abrupt stop, short of back and up on leg, his usual dramatic angulation allows tremendous reach and drive in a small package. The luxurious coat, with thick feathering on legs and belly nearly reaching the ground creates a picture hard o resist, prospective owners should be aware of the care to keep the coat in this shape or decide to have it groomed for easier maintenance. Buyers should seek the merry temperament the Cocker is a good obedience worker, because of his happy nature and desire to please, he fit's into almost any household, adapting to a variety of age groups and lifestyles.

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Originating in France, the Brittany weighs about 35-45 lbs. and, is 19-20 inches in height. His coat is flat, fine and a moderate length with a bit of wave, some fringes on the ears and underside and back of legs. Grooming is a breeze with minimal shedding. He is very intelligent and harsh training is NOT necessary as they are usually mild and obedient, often quite submissive and wanting to please, His tail is naturally short or docked. He comes in an assortment of colors, orange/white or the rarer liver/white etc. The Brittany enjoys getting out for a run or fetching ball or playing with the children. He can also be used for hunting birds as he will point, flush and retrieve. The Brittany is a very versatile breed.

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The English Springer Spaniel weighs approx. 49-55 pounds and is about 19-20 inches in height. His coat is close and straight, with feathering and he comes in black/white, liver/white, black tri and liver tri. British flushing spaniels were often called "springing" spaniels because they were used to chase or spring game from it's cover. With many sizes in the spaniels even with littermates, the small ones were called cockers, medium sized were fields and the largest ones Springers. Bede Maxwell illustrates the flexibility of registering in the early days. He had a red/white dog, Corrin of Gerwin, who was registered as a Welsh Cocker, then re-registered as a Welsh Springer and his son became a registered English Springer Spaniel! The first Champion English Springer Spaniel sired a daughter who was registered as a field spaniel. Cockers and springers even if litter mates were classified by size. With many people becoming confused with "is it a cocker or springer?", led to the complete separation of the breeds and a ban on interbreeding. The English gave the springer official breed status in 1902 and under the direction of the English Springer Spaniel Field Trial Association, the breed was established in the USA during this time. He was known under the pseudonym of norfolk spaniel for a time, but English Springer Spaniel became his official name by 1900. Sir Thomas Boughey is credited with establishing the modern credentials, because his family's stud books on the breed dated back to 1812. The Springer is a good gun dog, ideally suited for flushing birds but, does well in obedience competitions where he shows his skills. The English Springer is not an exaggerated dog, but is the leggiest of the flushing spaniels. He has a pleasant personality, making a fine house dog and tends to live a long life, staying active into his golden years.

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Poodles come in 3 types, Standard, which are approx. 45-70lbs., and over 15 inches. The Miniature which is approx. 11-15 inches in height, and Toys are under 10 inches. All Poodles country of origin is France and they have a profuse, dense, harsh, curling coat. Poodles are also know as Caniche and Barbone. Where Poodles developed remains a controversy and there clippings which is now a tradition dates before the Christian era. As years went on the poodles were developed into the breed we know today. The poodle's are seen in artwork as early as the 15th century, he may have came from Germany where he was a well established as a water Retriever before that century. It's believed that the poodle entered France with German troops. He is a popular breed today, still being called Caniche, from the french Chien Canard for duck dog. Because of there quick intelligence and charm, the poodle was favorite performer. The courts of Europe, especially in France escalated the fad of the pampered pet, a position the poodle has not lost to this day. His modern characteristic's were mainly developed in France, the FCI has identified that country as his place of origin. The Standard Poodle may be the oldest of the varieties, but has always been the least in numbers. He requires space and time for his coat and is athletic, yet a good urbane companion. He enjoys, swimming, jogging, hiking, and obedience. His long history of being a companion, enables him to be a gentlemen in the home. The Miniature Poodle, gained popularity shortly after the standard became celebrated. In homes and circuses, he was cheaper to feed and required less time for his coat. In the 1950's and 60's, the Miniature Poodle was phenomenal in popularity all over the world. Unfortunately some problems occurred, today the poodle has returned to a position of security. The Miniature Poodle makes a lively, mannered companion for all lifestyles. Poodles being the rage in the 17th and 18th century, resulting in smaller poodles and the toy variety was born. He has the same intelligence and, charming personality of his 2 larger versions, but in a smaller package with miniaturization, a few more problems were inherent, like whelping puppies. Some breeders have attempted to breed the poodle smaller, called "Teacup Poodles", no such variety is defined by the standard and these very tiny dogs are prone to many more inborn problems. The Poodles cut did have a purpose, his jacket was kept heavy around the joints and organs for protection in cold water and the remaining coat was shorn for efficiency. Poodles require frequent home grooming or regular visits to the groomers. His tail is docked (cut) when he is just a few days old. All 3 sizes are judged by the same criteria, they have a light, spring to their gait, as if there dancing. The Poodle in all varieties is probably the most popular companion dog in the world.

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The Newfoundland originated in Canada. They weight approx. 110-150 lbs. and are about 26-28 inches in height from foot to shoulder. They have a very dense coat and come in three colors, solid black, bronze, and parti-colour ( Landseer). Newfoundland folklore tells of migrating Indians across the polar region to the Martine provinces brought a Tibetan mastiff-type dog. 4000 years later in 1001 AD when Vikings arrived they supposedly had "bear dogs" of similar origin. By the mating of these 2 long lost cousins supposedly formed the base for the Newfoundland breed. By the 1600's records show European fishing vessels were frequent visitors to the Maritimes. Lots of these fleets brought dogs and it is thought that crosses probably occurred with various European Breeds. Portuguese and Brasque fishermen were the earliest both Portuguese Water Dogs and the Great Pyreneess in turn probably contributed to the water-proofing coat variations and water working qualities along with the size and nobility. Newfoundlands were developed to aid fishermen in Labrador, St.John's Newfoundland. These dogs would bark to warn sailors of upcoming reefs, swim from ship to ship carrying lines, retrieving objects and drunken sailors who had fallen overboard. The Newfoundland is an excellent swimmer who still to this day will retrieve both people and boats in distress. The Newfoundland eats only as much as most Retrievers, breeders credit this to his tranquil behavior and disposition. The breed is know to be easy going and extremely patient with children and other animals.

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The Alaskan Malamute's country of origin is the U.S.A. He weighs approx. 75-85 pounds and is about 23-25 inches in height. His coat is short,dense and he comes in Black or red, various shades of gray with lighter mask and underside are common. The combination of draft/hunting dog of the North has been an essential part of northern people's culture since the stone age. They needed these dogs to help them hunt and move because most northern tribes were nomadic. Historians argue whether ancestors of northern eskimo tribes came over a land bridge from Asia or across the North Pole from Scandinavia, either way, nordic type dogs accompanied these people. Each tribe has it's own breed type of dog, so perfected that many remain distinct today. The Mahlemuts (later spelled Malamute) were an industrious, skilled Inuit people of upper western Alaska (across from Siberia) that relocated their families to another food source when needed. Dogs were developed to aid in the hauling of the tribe's possessions, and speed was not important, and a leisurely pace was acceptable. When the Mahlemut tribe was mentioned so was his sledge dog. Early European explores and Russian Whalers of the last century told that the Mahlemuts had dogs of beauty and great endurance and that they were fond of their dogs. During the settling of Alaska by white people from 1750-1900, dogs were used in large numbers for the transportation of goods. These individuals didn't care of the breed type, but as long as it could work. Faster animals were needed to transport goods so the Malamutes were crossed with faster breeds, which caused the breed to be nearly lost. Fortunately some tribes kept the breed true and pure Malamutes rose an interest with American dog fanciers and the breed has been maintained. During WW1 nordic breeds and European breeds suffered, but in different ways. There numbers dropped in search and rescue, the Byrd expeditions and supply packing work during the war. Once the war ended, new blood was added to the stud books and the breed thrived again. The Malamute is different then a husky, like a race horse is to a draft horse. The Malamute is a dog of power rather then speed. The body is slightly longer than it's height moving the center of gravity back, which allows powerful leaning into heavy loads. A clean, quiet, affectionate companion, the Mal needs firm, early handling to understand who is boss. Being a popular dog for sleigh racing in North America and Europe many owners and their dogs compete in weight pulling contests, the dogs take to it naturally and enjoy the challenge, with many capable of shifting one ton loads over a short distance. The breed enjoys outdoor living with sufficient entertainment from their people and are usually ready to jump in to any athletic activity.

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The Siberian Husky weighs approx. 45-60 lbs. and are about 21 to 23 and a half inches in height. They have a thick, pelt like, dense undercoat and come in a variety of grays, blacks reds, pied, usually with light shading around the head and underside. Tribes depended on there dogs in the North for assistance, and have lived in Siberia for half a million years, just like in the stone age. Each tribe developed there own dogs, breed for hunting, snow cover terrain and temperament. The Chukchi tribe often referred to as the "Dog Breeding" Chukchi was located along the Arctic, Pacific Oceans on the Peninsula that reached out from Siberia towards Alaska. 3000 years ago harsh cold weather made the Chukchi tribe adapted by creating a dog breed that would consume very little food, tolerate the cold, could cover great distances and pull a sleigh with a light load. Chukchi lived in permanent inland settlements and travel great distances to hunt for food. A team usually consisted of 6-8 dogs but, should a heavier load need to be pulled, he would borrow dogs from a friend. Male dogs were castrated after a year, except the finest lead dogs, this removed the breeding urges, but help to maintain fat on there bodies. By keeping all but the neutered males tied at winter, a workable line breeding system was established. Chukchi women took main care of the dogs and this lead the dogs to be accustomed to children and families. Siberian Chukchis was brought from Alaska in the early 1900's and gained a reputation for sledding, long distance sled racing and mail delivery. The Chukchi or Husky, a generic term for a sled-pulling-dog gained popularity in America, dog fanciers replaced the name Chukchi with the more general term Siberian Husky and this became his official name. Thanks to the Chukchi he is people oriented, a popular companion dog, but not a very good guard dog. If he doesn't receive adequate attention, exercise, training, discipline, he can become stubborn and easily bored. The Husky is still the most popular breed for modern "mushers" or owners who want to try him with a sled, the breed happily ignores frigid temperatures and deep snow. He has tiny high set erect ears and a plush coat. Because of his long association with people they still maintain the fastidious cleanliness which was always demanded of them.

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Yorkshire Terrier originated in Great Britain and comes in several colors and his coat is long straight, glossy fine and silky. The background is not well documented, but though that Old English Terriers contributed to the general terrier outline and mental qualities. The Maltese donated the long silky coat and petite face. The Skye fixed terrier Temperament, while retaining the coat. Each breeder may have used a different "Recipe". These small silky-coated terriers were in demand by the wealthy families of Yorkshire and the poor farmers and workers started breeding these puppies to "Corner the Market", this made each breeder closed mouthed about there formula's. The Yorkshire Terrier got his name in the 1870's, but prior to that he was know as the Broken-Haired Scotch and Yorkshire Terrier. "Smokey" a Yorkshire Terrier which was found by William Wynn in a shell hole near Japanese lines in New Guinea in World War Two. She didn't understand Japanese or English and nobody claimed her, so she back-packed through the rest of the war accompanying Wynne on 150 air raids and 12 air-sea rescue missions. After the war Smokey and William were a hit at veteran's hospitals. Yorkie's make a fine travel companion but, are not the best choice for young children. Despite there small size they are spirited, self assured, affectionate, devoted to there owner's and won't hesitate to sound the alarm if danger lurks. The smallest yorkie adult "Sylvia" was 10 ounces which is documented in the 1985 Guinness Book of World Records.

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